A curated dataset of chronic lifestyle factors measured in microlives. One microlife equals 30 minutes of life expectancy gained or lost.
A dataset of chronic lifestyle factors and their impact on life expectancy, measured in microlives (30 minutes of life expectancy per day).
Format
A tibble with 22 rows and 12 columns:
- record_id
Unique record identifier
- factor
Human-readable factor name
- factor_normalized
Standardized factor name for grouping
- microlives_per_day
Daily impact in microlives (+/- 30 min units)
- direction
Effect direction: "gain" or "loss"
- category
Factor category (Diet, Exercise, Smoking, etc.)
- description
Detailed description of the factor
- annual_effect_days
Days of life gained/lost per year
- source_id
Source identifier
- source_url
Direct URL to source
- confidence
Data quality level
- last_accessed
Date data was retrieved
Source
Spiegelhalter D (2012). "Using speed of ageing and 'microlives' to communicate the effects of lifetime habits and environment." BMJ 2012;345:e8223. doi:10.1136/bmj.e8223
Value
A tibble with columns: factor, microlives_per_day, category, direction, annual_effect_days, source_url.
Details
Positive values indicate life expectancy gains; negative values indicate losses. Based on the framework introduced by David Spiegelhalter (2012).
Positive values indicate life expectancy gains; negative values indicate losses. Effects are cumulative over a lifetime of adult exposure (~57 years).
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microlife
Spiegelhalter D (2012). "Using speed of ageing and 'microlives' to communicate the effects of lifetime habits and environment." BMJ 2012;345:e8223. doi:10.1136/bmj.e8223
See also
Other datasets:
acute_risks,
risk_sources
Examples
# Load the chronic risks dataset
chronic <- load_chronic_risks()
head(chronic)
#> # A tibble: 6 × 12
#> record_id factor factor_normalized microlives_per_day direction category
#> <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <chr> <chr>
#> 1 spiegelhalter_… Livin… living in sweden… 21 gain Demogra…
#> 2 spiegelhalter_… Livin… living in 2010 v… 15 gain Histori…
#> 3 spiegelhalter_… Smoki… smoking 20 cigar… -10 loss Smoking
#> 4 spiegelhalter_… Smoki… smoking 10 cigar… -5 loss Smoking
#> 5 spiegelhalter_… Untre… untreated hypert… -4 loss Cardiov…
#> 6 spiegelhalter_… Being… being male -4 loss Demogra…
#> # ℹ 6 more variables: description <chr>, annual_effect_days <dbl>,
#> # source_id <chr>, source_url <chr>, confidence <chr>, last_accessed <date>
# Factors that reduce life expectancy
chronic |> dplyr::filter(direction == "loss")
#> # A tibble: 26 × 12
#> record_id factor factor_normalized microlives_per_day direction category
#> <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <chr> <chr>
#> 1 spiegelhalter… Smoki… smoking 20 cigar… -10 loss Smoking
#> 2 spiegelhalter… Smoki… smoking 10 cigar… -5 loss Smoking
#> 3 spiegelhalter… Untre… untreated hypert… -4 loss Cardiov…
#> 4 spiegelhalter… Being… being male -4 loss Demogra…
#> 5 spiegelhalter… Being… being 15 kg over… -3 loss Weight
#> 6 spiegelhalter… Type … type 2 diabetes -3 loss Cardiov…
#> 7 spiegelhalter… Being… being 10 kg over… -2 loss Weight
#> 8 spiegelhalter… 4th-5… 4th-5th alcoholi… -2 loss Alcohol
#> 9 spiegelhalter… Sitti… sitting 8+ hours… -2 loss Sedenta…
#> 10 spiegelhalter… High … high ldl cholest… -2 loss Cardiov…
#> # ℹ 16 more rows
#> # ℹ 6 more variables: description <chr>, annual_effect_days <dbl>,
#> # source_id <chr>, source_url <chr>, confidence <chr>, last_accessed <date>
# Factors that increase life expectancy
chronic |> dplyr::filter(direction == "gain")
#> # A tibble: 12 × 12
#> record_id factor factor_normalized microlives_per_day direction category
#> <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <chr> <chr>
#> 1 spiegelhalter… Livin… living in sweden… 21 gain Demogra…
#> 2 spiegelhalter… Livin… living in 2010 v… 15 gain Histori…
#> 3 spiegelhalter… 5 ser… 5 servings fruit… 4 gain Diet
#> 4 spiegelhalter… Being… being female 4 gain Demogra…
#> 5 spiegelhalter… 150 m… 150 min weekly e… 3 gain Exercise
#> 6 spiegelhalter… 20 mi… 20 min moderate … 2 gain Exercise
#> 7 spiegelhalter… High … high fiber diet 2 gain Diet
#> 8 spiegelhalter… Medit… mediterranean di… 2 gain Diet
#> 9 spiegelhalter… Blood… blood pressure c… 2 gain Medical
#> 10 spiegelhalter… First… first alcoholic … 1 gain Alcohol
#> 11 spiegelhalter… Stati… statin therapy 1 gain Medical
#> 12 spiegelhalter… Cance… cancer screening 1 gain Medical
#> # ℹ 6 more variables: description <chr>, annual_effect_days <dbl>,
#> # source_id <chr>, source_url <chr>, confidence <chr>, last_accessed <date>
chronic_risks()
#> # A tibble: 38 × 7
#> factor microlives_per_day category direction description annual_effect_days
#> <chr> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl>
#> 1 Smoking… -10 Smoking loss Heavy smok… -76
#> 2 Smoking… -5 Smoking loss Moderate s… -38
#> 3 Smoking… -1 Smoking loss Each cigar… -7.6
#> 4 Being 5… -1 Weight loss Per 5 kg a… -7.6
#> 5 Being 1… -2 Weight loss Cumulative… -15.2
#> 6 Being 1… -3 Weight loss Cumulative… -22.8
#> 7 2nd-3rd… -1 Alcohol loss After firs… -7.6
#> 8 4th-5th… -2 Alcohol loss Heavy drin… -15.2
#> 9 Red mea… -1 Diet loss Daily red … -7.6
#> 10 Process… -1 Diet loss Bacon, sau… -7.6
#> # ℹ 28 more rows
#> # ℹ 1 more variable: source_url <chr>
chronic_risks() |> dplyr::filter(direction == "loss")
#> # A tibble: 26 × 7
#> factor microlives_per_day category direction description annual_effect_days
#> <chr> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl>
#> 1 Smoking… -10 Smoking loss Heavy smok… -76
#> 2 Smoking… -5 Smoking loss Moderate s… -38
#> 3 Smoking… -1 Smoking loss Each cigar… -7.6
#> 4 Being 5… -1 Weight loss Per 5 kg a… -7.6
#> 5 Being 1… -2 Weight loss Cumulative… -15.2
#> 6 Being 1… -3 Weight loss Cumulative… -22.8
#> 7 2nd-3rd… -1 Alcohol loss After firs… -7.6
#> 8 4th-5th… -2 Alcohol loss Heavy drin… -15.2
#> 9 Red mea… -1 Diet loss Daily red … -7.6
#> 10 Process… -1 Diet loss Bacon, sau… -7.6
#> # ℹ 16 more rows
#> # ℹ 1 more variable: source_url <chr>
chronic_risks() |> dplyr::filter(category == "Exercise")
#> # A tibble: 2 × 7
#> factor microlives_per_day category direction description annual_effect_days
#> <chr> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl>
#> 1 20 min m… 2 Exercise gain Daily mode… 15.2
#> 2 150 min … 3 Exercise gain Meeting WH… 22.8
#> # ℹ 1 more variable: source_url <chr>